Testicular Cancer

What Is Testicular Cancer?

Testicular cancer is the abnormal growth of malignant cells in one or both testicles. It is the most common cancer in young men (ages 15-35), but it is highly treatable when detected early.

What Symptoms Should I Look For?

• A lump or swelling in the testicle (often painless)

• A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum

• Dull ache in the abdomen or groin

• Sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum

• Pain or discomfort in a testicle or scrotum

• Back pain (if cancer has spread)

How Is Testicular Cancer Diagnosed?

• Physical examination of testicles

• Ultrasound of the scrotum

• Blood tests for tumor markers (AFP, hCG, LDH)

• CT scans if spread is suspected

What Treatment Options Are Available?

• Surgery (orchidectomy) - removal of the affected testicle

• Chemotherapy or radiotherapy for advanced stages

• Surveillance with regular check-ups in low-risk cases

• Fertility preservation (sperm banking) before treatment may be recommended

How Can I Prevent Testicular Cancer?

• Monthly testicular self-exams to detect early lumps

• Routine check-ups if there is a family history

• Seek immediate medical advice if any abnormality is noticed